Fundamentalism Revised: A Conceptual Critique of Secularism and Religious Pluralism in the Public Sphere of Ambon Post-Conflict
Keywords:
Public Sphere, Secularism, Pluralism, Fundamentalism, Ambon Post-ConflictAbstract
One of the reasons for the development of religious studies was the emergence of religious absolutism through a number of terror attacks in the name of religion. Absolutism stigmatized as the main cause of global society falling into a medieval black hole. On the other hand, secularism and pluralism offer a learning process between secularists and religious people who are open and respectful of each other in the public sphere. Pluralism assumes the unification of religions as a solution to religious conflict, based on the claim of having a "unified source of truth." In fact, secularization hides the trap of secularism, which leads to nihilism. And pluralism is also unable to save religious adherents from relativism. Nihilism and relativism are extreme-left poles in the religious ideology dichotomy. However, efforts to reject secularism and pluralism can also lead to the extreme-right pole, namely absolutism and religious fundamentalism. The research results actually found that fundamentalism actually offers a new color in the market for religious ideologies. In Ambon, a fanatical and ethnocentric society is actually a "good image" of a religious person. By having all the prerequisites to be called fundamentalists, Ambon residents are actually able to avoid nihilism and religious relativism and are even able to survive in peace together between different religions in a dialogical public sphere.
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